The Media Of Baseball And The Case Against Roger Clemens...

As I mentioned previously in the paper, the media plays a huge role in the development of people perceptions and attitudes towards certain things that occur in the modern history. The link between the growing popularity of the baseball as well as increased attention to the steroids used represent topics that were highly affected by the media. The article by Healey Fall Of The Rocket: Steroids In Baseball And The Case Against Roger Clemens (2008) reveals how the drug policy has developed over time. This source explains and examines Major League Baseball’s drug policy through the years of its evolution. It uses great examples of what used to be allowed to consume and what has been banned through the growing rules in baseball. The author also breaks down how the â€Å"Steroid Era† affected baseball from numbers of standpoints and points out the greatly risen home-run numbers that include the great home-run chase between some of the game’s greatest sluggers of all time. Therefore, previously mentioned research about the home-run probability was affect by the growing trend of examining professional players’ performance. The performance that goes beyond the possible one by an average player received a critical attention by the Major League Baseball. The article, â€Å"Under Mounting Pressure: A History Of Media Influence On Major League Baseball Steroid Policies,† is based on the relationship between Major League Baseball and the media. The authors break down how the media reports onShow MoreRelatedAnabolic Steroids : A Fatal Attraction1734 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican baseball players, and even racehorses have tested positive for AAS. However, AAS are no longer the exclusive province of elite athletes. Among school seniors in the United States (18 years of age), the lifetime incidence for steroid use (4.0%) is comparable to that for crack cocaine (3.6%) or heroin (1.8%). Today, it is estimated that over 3million people may have used AAS† (Wood 227). Athletes have used Anabolic Steroids for years in bodybuilding as well as recently in baseball. AnabolicRead MoreBeing an athlete is not an easy task especially when you’re constantly competing, throughout more1800 Words   |  8 Pagesthat status. However, the average athlete feels that they are not good enough to compete at the next level. This often causes them to resort to them using steroids so they can be better than good enough. Steroids are used in many sports such as baseball, football, cycling, and track. This illegal drug has even made its way down to young adults in high school who are trying to obtain a professional sports career. As a teenager playing a sport is very competitive. Also, most young adults face extremeRead MoreHow are the Majority of Celebrities Inappropriate Role Models for the Youth?1262 Words   |  5 Pagescelebrities abuse the power of their fame. Ellen DeGeneres, a talk show host, has come out as openly gay and is a supporter of gay rights and equality. She uses her fame and her supporters to spread her beliefs on the subject of gay rights. Being gay is against Biblical teachings and principles. Stars like Oprah Winfrey, use their influence on others to persuade them to vote for a certain person in an important election. Other stars use their fame to promote a religious belief. There are few celebritiesRead MoreDrugs Are Bad Or Bad?2007 Words   |  9 Pageshave become very bia sed, and lose trust in the professionals who perform these sports. The amount of cases has increased since the seventies. This is because pro athletes have gotten away with it, and through the media it has become acceptable for young adults to use these performance enhancement drugs. All it takes is one person getting away with it for others to join them. Also, most cases start with harsh and long recovery injuries that need a bunch of therapy. Athletes are told that if theyRead MoreEssay about Americas Obsession With Sports2251 Words   |  10 Pagesthe giant business of mass broadcasting. Sports media has had it advantages and its disadvantages, and its truths and falsehoods in the world of sports culture. A negative vibe is felt when the media shapes its viewers’ perception of athletes by depicting them negatively or unappreciated based on race or gender stereotypes. One such group that the media tends to misrepresent is female athletes. Women athletes tend to get less coverage in the media than men do. Many times a commentary given a boutRead MoreMID TERM STUDY GUIDE Essay16611 Words   |  67 Pagesadulthood was: (4) a. The combustible engine b. The telephone c. The printing press *** d. The computer 2. In the 17th century two people who thought that children should be treated with thought and care were: (5) a. Locke and Rousseau *** b. Rogers and Maslow c. Dixon and Binet d. Freud and Freud 3. Adults may underestimate children’s ability to: (7) a. Learn b. Problem-solve c. Recognize reality d. All of the above *** 4. Family conditions that promote resilience include: (11) a. fewRead MoreEarly Supplier Integration in the Design of the Skid-Steer Loader18409 Words   |  74 Pageswho are expert in certain domains and knit them together to allow us to create solutions to satisfy our customers’ needs and support our business vision. Q: Does this mean that suppliers will be working with other suppliers? Noshirwani: In some cases, absolutely. Then the question is: How do we broker them to partner with each other to bring us the best result? Q: With this new business focus, what sort of measures do you use to determine your success? Noshirwani: Previously, the majority of

Heritage and Production of Archaeological Data Free Essays

our site – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING – EXAMPLE ESSAY Introduction This critical analysis essay centers on heritage, discussing what it demonstrates about the production of archaeological data through case studies. It covers a discussion of whether the production of archaeological data is always objective. There is an assumed synergy between heritage and archaeological data, as demonstrated by the concept â€Å"Archaeological Heritage Management† (Waterton and Smith, 2009: 41). We will write a custom essay sample on Heritage and Production of Archaeological Data or any similar topic only for you Order Now Taking the archaeological point of view, heritage is often referred to as the material culture of the past, or those manmade structures and artefacts that comprise the archaeological record and are intended to explain the past (Waterton and Smith, 2009). The production of archeological data is a result of a study and observation of archeological record, which helps establish the domain of heritage (Binfold, 2009). Is the production of archaeological data always objective? The production of archaeological data is always objective, and this is recognised explicitly by the literature (e.g. Waterton and Smith, 2009). The ways in which heritage demonstrates this objectivity is seen in the tacit assumption embodied in the knowledge being produced from interpreting the past, which informs identity and is thus called ‘heritage’ (Waterton and Smith, 2009: 42), as well as the needed consistency of the data (both in terms of individual inventory and organisational inventory) so that they may be capable of use in the future (Barrett, et al., 2007). Since data must be consistent to this level, subjectivity has therefore no room in their production. Worthy of note is the fact that there are various contexts from which the production of heritage can take place, ranging from historical documents, archaeological excavations, values and meanings placed on heritage such as buildings and natural environment. Similarly, archeological heritage is commonly produced through research as well as academic discourses, which in fact help promote what is considered ‘heritage’ (Hicks, McAtackney, and Fairclough, 2007: 102). In managing the artistic heritage, the acquisition of data is an important aspect (Ferrari, 2010). Since archaeological heritage is produced through research and is formed by inferences through discourses, it is but proper to say that such process of production is objectively carried out since research itself is a field of objective characterisation. The notion that heritage is characterised by ‘multi-vocality’ (Habu, Fawcett, and Matsunaga, 2008: 38; Waterton and Smith, 2009: 42) does not automatically suggest that it is non-definitive and subjective in its production of archeological data. Archaeological data are material, and this materiality enables the concept of heritage to become intrinsically knowable and controllable. These knowable and controllable characteristics is seen in the extent through which archaeological heritage can be defined, discovered, recorded, managed, and conserved. The naturalisation of archaeological assumptions also supports this knowable nature of heritage in legal and policy documents (Waterton and Smith, 2009). Such process cannot therefore be merely placed in some subjective assumptions of data production. This is further supported by an assertion (e.g. Hodder, 2004) that archaeology can take an interpretive form, and its role is to facilitate the involvement of the past in the pr esent period through objective archaeological data. Smith (2004) also calls objects from the past as part of an objective archaeological record, reinforcing the general claim of the literature on the subject. Additionally, much can be learned about past history by using more theorised approaches to understand the relationship between history and archaeology (Robertson, Seibert, Fernandez, 2006). Such theory application is an objective stance of the archeological field (e.g. Cobb, Harris, Jones et al., 2012; Gibbon, 2014; Jones, 2002). Case studies on heritage and production of archaeological data A case study that may be cited in this paper is the Lodenice project in central Bohemia in the early 1990s, which is also known for a Viereckschanze (rectangular enclosure) excavation. This project identified an Iron Age settlement and remnants of decorative arm rings dating from 2nd to first centuries BC. This project, which produced a Celtic carved rag stone head, used an analytical fieldwork survey and multivariate mathematical analysis, combined with geographical information system (GIS) (Hicks et al., 2007). This example demonstrates the extent to which the production of archaeological data aims to be as objective as possible, for the archaeologies may simply assume the nature of data collected, but lack of definite measurements and other objective applications would place the whole investigation into mere assumptions. Another case that may be cited is the Bylany Project in Norway (1990s). Grants were used to finance archaeological research, enabling the excavation of Neolithic circular enclosures of Bylany’s complex. The integration of National Heritage Institute with rescue excavation administration has been a pending situation, which can negatively impact long-term archeological research in the Kutna Hora region. This archeological research is currently on systematic monitoring (Biehl and Prescott, 2013). The production of archaeological data informs of their use for future research and knowledge production as well as their objective and systematic production, reinforcing the idea that these data are always objective. Moreover in England, a data standard for the Sites and Monuments Records (SMRs) was established in the 1990s, facilitated by what is now known as the English Heritage’s National Monument Record. This data standard acknowledged the importance of records, including the activities of people involved in studying the resource, the sources of such information, and information on the process of managing the resource. This is to enable the successful management of the archaeological and historic environment within which archaeological data are derived (Barrett, Dingwall, Gaffney, et al., 2007). This manner of record-keeping for the production of archaeological data reveals the importance of objectivity. Worthy of discussion is the Tsodillo rock art in Botswana, which was the focus of intensive survey programme and recording by the Botswana National Museum during the late 20th century. The rock art holds the archaeological evidence that human settlement once existed in the landscape (Hicks et al., 2007). The recording and survey carried out by the Museum indicate the pursuit for objectivity in the investigation of the Tsodillo landscape. These case studies discuss what heritage demonstrates about the production of archaeological data being systematically acquired and processed, and thus entail the collaboration of specific government organisations in charge of heritage and archaeological data management. Thus, despite the perceived artistry of heritage, it is largely governed by some objectivity and system-specific characteristics in the production of archaeological data. Conclusion This critical analysis essay has discussed what heritage demonstrates about the production of archaeological data. It has focused on whether the production of archaeological data is always objective, illustrating the answer through cases studies. This brief claims that such production is indeed always objective, as reinforced by the extant literature denoting such objectivity and systematic stances. These data must necessarily be consistent in order for them to be of viable use in the future; hence, subjectivity has no room in their production. Moreover, archaeological data are material, enabling them to become inherently knowable and controllable and are thus definable, discoverable, recordable, manageable, and conservable. Case studies are provided, aiming to serve as evidence for the objectivity of the production of archaeological data. References Barrett, G., Dingwall, L., Gaffney, V., Fitch, S., Huckerby, C., and Maguire, T. (2007) Heritage Management at Ford Hood, Texas: Experiments in Historic Landscape Characterisation. England: Archaeopress. Biehl, P. F. and Prescott, C. (2013) Heritage in the Context of Globalization: Europe and the Americas. NY: Springer. Binfold, L. R. (2009) Debating Archaeology: Updated Edition. CA: Left Coast Press, Inc. Cobb, H., Harris, O. J. T., Jones, C., and Richardson, P. (2012) Reconsidering Archaeological Fieldwork: Exploring On-Site Relationships Between Theory and Practice. NY: Springer. Ferrari, A. (2010) The 8th Framework Programme of the European Commission and the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage: The EACH Project. Italy: CNR, Institute of Chemical Methodologies. Gibbon, G. (2014) Critically Reading the Theory and Methods of Archaeology: An Introductory Guide. Maryland: AltaMira Press. Habu, J., Fawcett, C., and Matsunaga, J. M. (2008) Evaluating Multiple Narratives: Beyond Nationalist, Colonialist, Imperialist Archaeologies. NY: Springer. Hicks, D., McAtackney, L., and Fairclough, J. (2007) Envisioning Landscape: Situations and Standpoints in Archaeology and Heritage. CA: Left Coast Press, Inc. Hodder, I. (2004) Theory and Practice in Archaeology. NY: Routledge. Jones, A. (2002) Archaeological Theory and Scientific Practice. UK: Cambridge University Press. Robertson, E. C., Seibert, J. D., Fernandez, D. C., and Zender, M. U. (2006) Space and Spatial Analysis in Archaeology. Alberta: University of Calgary Press. Smith, L. (2004) Archaeological Theory and the Politics of Cultural Heritage. London: Routledge. Waterton, E. and Smith, L. (2009) Heritage, Communities and Archaeology. London: Bloomsbury Academic. How to cite Heritage and Production of Archaeological Data, Essay examples

Exercises Problems Solutions free essay sample

Her owner’s equity decreased by $14,000 for the operating expenses recorded on August 10th, by $400 for the interest expense recorded on August 24th, and by $10,000 for the cash dividend recorded on August 29th. In other words, her owner’s equity was increased by revenues, and it was decreased by expenses and dividends. Interest is an expense because it represents a necessary payment to others (i. e. , creditors) for the use of their money—thus, it is a â€Å"cost† of doing business. Dividends are a distribution of profits to the owners of the firm and represent a partial liquidation of the firm. A dividend is not an expense because it represents a profit distribution; it is not a â€Å"cost† of doing business. f. g. When money is borrowed from the bank, an asset (cash) is increased and a liability (notes payable) is also increased by an equal amount. Net income is increased only when revenue has been earned—and money borrowed from the bank represents a liability that must be repaid, not revenue that has been earned. We will write a custom essay sample on Exercises Problems Solutions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Paying off accounts payable decreases an asset (cash) and decreases a liability (accounts payable) by an equal amount. Collecting an account receivable increases an asset (cash) and decreases another asset (accounts receivable) by equal amounts. In both cases, only balance sheet accounts are involved. Net income is increased by revenues and decreased by expenses. The expense associated with a cash payment of an account payable would have been recorded in an earlier transaction (when the expense was incurred and the account payable was established); by the same logic, the revenue associated with the collection of an account receivable would have been recorded in an earlier transaction (when the revenue was earned and the account receivable was established).Amounts shown in the balance sheet below reflect the following use of the data given: An asset should have a probable future economic benefit; therefore the accounts receivable are stated at the amount expected to be collected from customers. Assets are reported at original cost, not current worth. Depreciation in accounting reflects the spreading of the cost of an asset over its estimated useful life. Assets are reported at original cost, not at an assessed or appraised value. The amount of the note payable is calculated using the accounting equation, A = L + OE. Total assets can be determined based on items (a), (b), and (c); total owners equity is known after considering item (e); and the note payable is the difference between total liabilities and the accounts payable. The retained earnings account balance represents the difference between cumulative net income and cumulative dividends. The problem could be solved without calculating this number.

Tips and Tricks on How to Best Prepare for the MCAT

MCAT studying is a whole different ball game. For starters, unlike class exams or standardized tests administered just a few times a year, you decide when to take the MCAT. Being able to manage your own schedule means it’s important to create a structure around the exam, be disciplined in your studying, and make sure youre 100% ready when the date rolls around. Claire tells us that at first she did not have a designated study period, and that was not a good approach. â€Å"I assumed that I would take the test when I was ready,† says Claire. â€Å"This was a terrible plan as I continued to procrastinate. Once I created a timeline of 4 months, I was able to really focus and get good work done.† Taking courses vs. studying on your own â€Å"I took an in person course, which actually was NOT a good use of my money. The teacher did teach us some strategies, but I did not find it as helpful as I was hoping. I wish that we would have learned more content and ways to remember all of the information. I mainly read the books, watched online lectures, and did question bank type activities, which were very helpful.† Qbanks, qbanks, qbanks!! According to Claire, reading the books and taking light notes while attending/watching lectures lays a great foundation to cover all of the material on the exam. Claire claims that creating a good foundation is a good start, but that qbanks are really where is at. â€Å"Once I had a foundation, I used qbanks a lot. Qbanks are great!† Divide and conquer Organization is key when studying for an exam that covers so much material. According to Claire, Kaplan says that students only need to know about 60% of the material, but Claire still felt compelled to learn all of it, which can be overwhelming. â€Å"Trying to cover everything is incredibly challenging,† says Claire. â€Å"Luckily, I had Cram Fighter to help space out the time.I tried to study each subject for about 2-3 days and then switch to a new subject.† Take breaks As dedicated and focus to the MCAT as Claire was, she also acknowledged that taking breaks was important for her mental and emotional states. Claire chose Friday as her MCAT free day. Don’t be hard on yourself Studying for the MCAT can be awfully stressful, and at times, you are your worst enemy. Remember that if you do your best in preparing, you will do well. The MCAT measures how much you’ve studied for the MCAT, so if you know you have, you will do just fine. Beating yourself up has never helped anyone. Have a realistic approach According to Claire, â€Å"studying for this exam is a full time job and it is really difficult to work/go to school and study. There is a lot of information that needs to be covered and you will not be able to learn it all. Try to know the hot topics extremely well, and have a surface level understanding of the rest.†

Essay on Catabury Tales Assignment

Essay on Catabury Tales Assignment Essay on Catabury Tales Assignment Careers Assignment Design Technology is the study of design, development, and the management of its technologies for the purpose of product design and modeling of construction. It is influenced by human, environmental, financial, and material requirements and resources. Architects Architects perform several duties. Some of the several duties they perform are to plan and design structures such as buildings and houses, give instructions to contractors and builders to follow, make sure the project is finished on time and remains in budget, complete paperwork such as contracts and permits. Most architects are employed by building contractors or architecture firms. They can also be self-employed. They work at construction sites and in offices. Working times for architects vary on several factors. They tend to earn $50000 to $100000 a year, depending on work experience and the state of the economy. To become an architect one must go to university, acquire a bachelor’s degree or master’s degree in architecture, and achieve a license to practice in your province or territory. After the gain of a bachelor’s or master’s degree in architecture and the license, the first position to start off is as an Intern. After the completion of the architecture internship and successful completion of the professional exam, the next position will be a Licensed Architect. After several years of experience one may (not for sure) achieve Partnership at an architectural firm. Civil Engineers Civil engineers help design and build structures such as buildings and bridges. Their tasks include, using math and science to calculate if structure designs are accomplishable and if they are safe, studying the conditions at project sites, evaluating costs and quantities of labour, equipment, and materials needed, supervising and guiding construction workers and preparing reports. They are employed by engineering firms, companies, and government agencies. Civil engineers work in construction sites and a little bit in the office. They tend to earn $40000 to $120000 yearly, varying on experience, economic conditions, and level of education. To become a civil engineer one must go to university and complete a bachelor’s degree. Master’s degree or PhD is recommended for senior advancements. After one has achieved a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering, they become an Engineer-in-training. The next advancement is after several years of training and t he completion of the professional licensing exam becoming a Professional Engineer. From the professional engineer, the position upgrades to a Senior Engineer, and ends off as a Manager. Interior Designers Interior designers create admirable usable indoor spaces. Their tasks include, discussing project details with clients, develop designs and sketches for client acceptances, decide what paint, wallpaper, and furniture will be used, and maintain budgets. They are employed by architecture firm, companies and retailers. They can be self-employed. They tend to earn $25000 to $65000 per year depending on experience, reputation, and location. To be an interior designer one must achieve a degree or diploma in interior design, accepting both college and university. After getting a bachelor’s degree or diploma in interior design the first station is Junior Designer. After many years, the completion of NCIDQ exam and certification the next station is a

Comme Is a Star of French Idiomatic Expressions

Comme Is a Star of French Idiomatic Expressions The French word  comme means like, as or since and is used in a large number of idiomatic expressions. Learn how to say soaking wet, knee-high to a grasshopper, so-so and more with this list of French expressions that use  comme. Other cultures have found French expressions useful and have assimilated them into their languages. Comme ci, comme à §a, for instance,  is used in English and several other languages to mean so-so, fair, or just okay. The word  comme, one of the most common and versatile in French,  can be a conjunction, adverb, or part of an adverbial phrase.  Like the French  conjunctions parce que, car and  puisque, comme  is commonly used to draw conclusions or otherwise relate a cause or explanation with a result or conclusion. For example,  Comme je lis le plus vite, jai dà ©j fini  means  Since I read the fastest, Ive already finished. Common French Expressions Using Comme arriver comme un cheveu sur la soupeto be completely irrelevant chanter comme une casseroleto be a lousy singercomme cela/à §a(just) like that; that way; (informal) great, terrificcomme ci, comme à §aso-so;  faircomme dhabitudeas usualcomme il fautproperly;  respectablycomme il vous plairaas you wishcomme les autresordinary; everydaycomme on ditas they say; how its saidcomme par hasardcoincidentally; as if by chancecomme qui dirait(informal) as you might say; what you might think is/wascomme quoito the effect that; which goes to show thatcomme sias if; as though(adjectif) comme toutso (adjective); as (adjective) as can be comme tout le mondenormally; like everyone elsehaut comme trois pommesknee-high to a grasshopperjuste commejust / right asparler le franà §ais comme une vache espagnoleto speak French very badlytrempà © comme une soupeto be soaking wet

Welfare Distrubution in the United States of America Research Paper

Welfare Distrubution in the United States of America - Research Paper Example Education, health or certain other forms of insurance may reduce economic uncertainty. Education and health augment the value of an individual, thus making the population more capable to deal with the economic uncertainty caused by various factors, including the prevailing market conditions. Population may also become more secured through the insurances in health and social issues which precisely cut down the financial costs of uncertainty. (Garfinkel, Rainwater & Smeeding, 2). The welfare state in the United States of America is considered as an â€Å"under achiever†.  It can be acknowledged from the past data that the social programs initiated by the USA came into exercise much later than several other nations. Currently several important parts of the American welfare state can be considered as inadequately developed, or many essential measures are missing in the system. The United States seems to make lesser expenditure on social programs in comparison to many other democ racies. Also, the rates of poverty and inequality are much higher in the United States (Howard, 1).  The United States can be recognized as a territory of prospects or opportunities.   However, that also does not imply equality. Nathan Glazer, a professor of sociology and education at the Harvard University, in his argument, commented on United States as the most imbalanced amongst other inexpensively developed countries.   According to statistical data, it can be realized that the United States in comparison to other countries like Europe, redistributes considerably less social benefits.   Such less redistribution are the consequences of greater inequality in income obtained before tax and an indistinct income distribution in the United States. Although the United States is conventional in its political principles, yet it can often be recognized with moderate courses of action in welfare, thus the country clearly representing uniqueness and nonjudgmental processes. (Brunson ).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report is mainly prepared to focus on providing arguments against the distribution of welfare in the United States. There are many views in support of the welfare system in the USA, which reflect that the welfare system in the USA increases economic growth, productivity, and efficiency of the country. (Garfinkel, Rainwater & Smeeding, 1). However this report would bring out certain aspects, which would clearly indicate that the welfare distribution in the United States of America has many negative impacts as well, which are backed by evidences and arguments. The studies and researches previously done on the concerned topic would be taken into consideration and other sources on the welfare distribution in the USA and its effects as provided by different authors would be utilized as sources. The report would bring out the impacts of the present system of welfare distribution prevailing in the United States, thereby providing arguments against the system , and reflecting upon the negative effects of the current system.    Arguments against the Welfare Distribution in the USA:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The government of the United States strictly lacks a widespread and productive welfare system.   On the other hand, the alternative governmental programs seem to be better than the welfare system to a greater extent.     For instance, in the year 1999, a family of three had received remunerations of $164 per month from the welfare services, while the allowance for food stamp for the same family was at $329 per month. Thus, it was economically more rational to take food stamps provided by the alternative government measures instead of receiving welfare benefits.   In the present scenario, food stamps and government housing are

Write what you want Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Write what you want - Essay Example At the same time, the college student looks for opportunities to maintain their social connections, which further complicates the process of time management. Stress is created by missing out on certain social activities in favor of being a more responsible and conscientious academic and by no longer being able to rely on more lenient instructors. The college experience, though extremely important for future career success, continues to exert pressure related to personal accountability for sensible and dependable schoolwork. These are activities common in the college experience. Because of this, the student must develop more effective coping skills to deal with these pressures. The student must also schedule their personal activities in a way that makes them secondary to more desirable social gatherings, which is not always easy for self-satisfaction. Failure to achieve timely deadlines for work submission can also create anxiety which only enhances the stress responses. A college stu dent needs to start acting like an adult and realizing the importance of education. Having a mature-minded attitude will assist in reducing these stresses even when social needs cannot be immediately fulfilled. Is this difficult? It definitely is, however, college demands it. It has been said that money is the root of all evil. People who strive to attain large amounts of money, such as drug dealers or stock investors, often build their entire lives around the receipt of money. However, in order to receive these funds, they often have to harm others in society. Laws about prohibiting drug use make dealers seek opportunities through the black market which is often littered with crime rings that applaud negative behavior. Dealers often get rich so quickly that it goes to their head and they rapidly believe that they are better than others in society. This egotism creates a desire to treat others like

Involving others in assessments Essay Example for Free

Involving others in assessments Essay The assessment process in a beauty college involves many different people. Starting with the students that need to be assessed and who need be told the criteria which they are being assessed against so that they can try meet these needs. The teachers of the students need to be provided with a curriculum to teach and have access to various forms of information related to their subject matter so they can draw on these for course notes or offer extra material for students to give them a broader understanding of the subject. The assessors themselves need to know what facilities the college has with regards to where the tests are obtained from, what time frame is allocated, what different forms of assessment need to be conducted, what setting is in place be it a classroom or practical room or a simulation of a salon with a member of public coming in to be the client. They need to know who else in the college is qualified to assess should they have any questions and who the internal verifiers are to report to. Employers at the college need to provide assessment opportunities and find ways of networking with the staff through newsletters or internal meetings to identify good practice in assessing across the board and to maintain consistency throughout the staff. The internal verifiers are there to check the quality of assessing and to measure and improve further quality of assessments. External verifiers are needed to check that the internal verifiers are doing their job properly and check the quality of the work being done. They are usually given a selection of pre assessed papers so they can re-assess them to check for accuracy in assessing and to be able to check the standard of a college and report back to the awarding body that a college is able to claim certification for their students, or if the college needs to amend certain criteria before claiming certification. So in my college experience I was taught my course material by various teachers, assessed by teachers by written tests or projects or in the practical classroom. The teachers had to report to the principal of the college for our results and the principal often came into the assessing rooms while we were busy with class or doing tests. An external examining body from the international guild of beauty therapy was asked to do our final assessments and we were given lists stating what the examiner would be looking for. We were assessed according to the international level set by the beauty guild and only if we passed with a stipulated percentage were we awarded our qualification. Peer and Self assessment: Self assessment allows the student to work out their own strengths and weaknesses and tailor their own learning plan to best suit themselves. This works well when you have a motivated student who is willing to admit their own setbacks to themselves and strive to address these and move forward in the right direction with a better sense of what they want to achieve and how to do that. Peer assessment can be very helpful in that students get to go over their own knowledge of the subject being assessed while they assess their peer therefore doing revision and also being more aware of what they may not know or of how their peer does something better than they would have done and learning from them. I find self and peer evaluation very helpful in a beauty college especially as it is such a practical course and a lot of time is spent practicing treatments on your peers or being the client to be practiced on. When a student is being the therapist they can carry out a treatment and assess themselves on how well they have learnt the procedure and where they get stuck and need help. They will be more confident in asking their peer for help or to give them feedback about their treatment and in-turn be able to use this feedback to modify their work and learn from this. When a student is being the client this is a great opportunity for them to really feel what different types of pressure feel like and what feel good and what doesn’t and use that to adapt their own techniques. They learn what it feels like to be on the therapy bed and be aware of the sounds around them that the student therapist makes or the questions they ask and what makes sense and works and what doesn’t. This is an invaluable way that students can improve themselves and be able to help their peers improve by giving them accurate feedback. How assessment arrangements can be adapted to learners: Students learn best in slightly different ways depending on what approach works best for them. A widely used model of learning style is Flemmings’ s (2001) Visual Auditory Kinesthetic (VAK) model. If students are visual learners, they prefer to use images, pictures, colors, and maps to organize information and communicate with others. They work well from worksheets and the whiteboard and do their best on more theory based assessments like short questions, multiple choice, true and false or essays. In their practical assessments they will do well when needing to chart information the client has told them and write up skin diagnosis or plan future care appointments. If they are auditory learners they are the students who retain information better when the information is reinforced through sound. So they prefer class lectures rather than being given textbooks to read. These students do much better when their assessment are asked with short oral questions during class or explaining to an examiner why they are performing a certain treatment or using a certain method to perform a task. Being able to read their questions out aloud to themselves will also help them registered better what is required from them in the assessment. If they are kinesthetic learners then they prefer to be involved in activities. They learn through applying their knowledge practically by writing out notes during lectures or telling another person what they have learnt or performing practical treatments. Studying beauty therapy is a great choice for kinesthetic learns as much of the course involves taking part and learning through movement and a big part of your grading comes from performing treatments and demonstrating your skills to the assessors. For these learners doing theory assessments they can be kept motivated by doing diagrams or plotting graphs or doing oral reports so they are fulfilling their need for movement in learning.

Invention of the Phonograph Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Paper

Invention of the Phonograph The idea of the phonograph came from the man who invented the light bulb. Thomas Alva Edison is one of the greatest inventors of all time decided to create this invention. In 1877, Edison was working on a machine that would decipher telegraphic messages to paper tape. He used a diaphragm with an embossing point. This would be held onto a moving paraffin paper. Thus when spoken into it, the vibrations made indentations on it. Edison decided to change the idea by using a tin foil wrapped metal cylinder instead of the paper. The final cylinder phonograph had 2 diaphragm and needle units. One would be for recording date and the other would be for playing it. For the machine to work, one would have to speak into a mouthpiece and the sound vibrations would be imprinted on the cylinder. Then the recording needle would create some sort of groove pattern on the cylinder. The data can then played by back by the data from the created grooves. From this invention Edison started the Edison Speaking Phonograph Company in 1878. Edison had received $10,000 for the sales and manufacturing rights plus 20% of the profits from this company. The machine had a variety of uses including dictation, creating listening books, a sort of a â€Å"family record† which had precious recorded memories of the family like last words, teaching elocution, adn other uses as well The cylinder phonograph proved to be successful, but the problem with the machine was that the tin foil only allowed a few uses. With the help of another great inventor, new advances could be made to improve this invention. The inventor of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell, had set up a laboratory for his cousin, Chichester Bell and Charles Tainter. Bell a... ...ndex.asp?s=1&mode=long. 7. â€Å"The History of the Edison Cylinder Phonograph.† American Memory: Historical Collects for National Digital Library 13 Mar. 2003. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edcyldr.html. 8. â€Å"The History of the Edison Disc Phonograph.† American Memory: Historical Collects for National Digital Library 13 Mar. 2003. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/eddschst.html. 9. â€Å"The History of Turntablism.† Ilikemusic.com. 21 Mar. 2003. http://www.ilikemusic.com/index.asp?fdLocation=%2Farticle%2Easp%3FfdSectionid%3D2%26fdSubsectionid%3D11%26fdArticleId%3D128. 10. â€Å"The Rave Page.† Angelfire.com 13 Mar. 2003. http://www.angelfire.com/ar2/raves/. 11. â€Å"Turntables and CD players.† Turnt(L)able.com 13 Mar. 2003. http://www.turntablelab.com/index1.html. 12. â€Å"Turntable History.† Enjoy the Music.com 13 Mar. 2003. http://www.turntablelab.com/index1.html.

Analysis of JFK Inauguration Speech Essay

On Friday, 20 January 1961 newly elected President John F. Kennedy delivered his Inauguration speech to the nation of America in the time of uncertainty and fear. Kennedy was the â€Å"youngest elected president and the first Roman Catholic president†. During this tumultuous time period the Cold War was at its peak and dangers of nuclear power were building .To ease the rising tensions building amongst the people Kennedy emphasizes optimism and idealism in his speech. In doing so, Kennedy hopes in â€Å"representing the United States as a force to be reckoned with while maintaining peaceful international relations with other countries†. While most don’t believe it had an impact, John F Kennedy’s speech helped America pull through one of its darkest times. At the time President Kennedy had big shoes to fill. With rising pressure coming from separate nations due to nuclear power the people of America are worried now more than ever. Though with his charismatic ego and benevolent approach, Kennedy was determined to get his input through the people. In other words Kennedy was what America needed at the time, a savior. Not only that but with his dashing good looks and eloquent family he was to some extent a  role model. This speech was somewhat typical of Kennedy compared to other speeches of his. Like Kennedys â€Å"City upon a Hillâ€Å"speech he tends to appeal to the people, as seen when he says â€Å"We must always consider that we shall be a city upon a hill-the eyes of all people are upon us†. Kennedy is a credible speaker and this can be attributed due to the fact that he had been giving successful speeches throughout his presidential campaign that eventually persuaded people to vote for him and in due course win the pres idential election. Kennedy delivered his Inaugural Address before an audience of twenty thousand people and a televised audience of eighty million. The people of America were fearful because of the development and stockpiling of nuclear weapons. It was a very volatile time in history, with the country not far  removed from WW2 and the Korean War. Though Kennedy felt that it wasn’t just the people of America but the people of the world he should address. He asked the nations of the world to join together to fight what he called the â€Å"common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself†. Kennedy’s main responsibility was to represent the nation of America as one that was strong and was able to maintain peaceful international relations. Though Kennedy is just truly attempting to emphasize optimism and idealism since the nation is in such panic and hysteria. The focal point of Kennedy’s speech was the relationship between duty and power. This was highlighted with Kennedy’s vivid usage of juxtaposition. In the first part of the speech Kennedy states in the second passage, â€Å"†¦Man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life†. This appeals to the idea of shifting towards peoples values and affluence. The use of tropes can also be spotted within the text. Kennedy overemphasizes the strength of America by the use of hyperboles. By exaggerating and saying that America can â€Å"pay any price† or â€Å"bear any burden,† Kennedy generates a perception of pride in the reader for his or her country. One of the most famous lines ushered by Kennedy in his inaugural speech was the use of chiasmus when he says â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country†. Kennedy’s use of ethos is attributed to much of this because of his trustworthiness and credibility as a speaker. This gives Kennedy authority since his use of rhetoric establishes him as a good character that can appeal to the public Kennedy’s Inaugural Address was obviously much more than any regular speech given by a president in office. Kennedy’s commitment to insure freedom to countless civilians possibly encouraged him to â€Å"escalate the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam†. This is foreshadowing for what is to become the cold war and one of the† longest and costliest wars†. Although today Kennedy is remember more for his notoriety and assassination, many forget how big a mark his inaugural speech left upon the world. Kennedy  envisioned and urged change for the better. Former president Harry S Truman told journalists that history would remember it as â€Å"One of the greatest speeches of all time†. If not for Kennedy’s speech, relations with America and other countries would be in turmoil and chaos. History is essential to why John F Kennedy and his inaugural speech in office were so influential to his administration and in turn the rest of the 20th cen tury. Works Cited â€Å"John F. Kennedy: Inaugural Address. U.S. Inaugural Addresses. 1989.† John F. Kennedy: Inaugural Address. U.S. Inaugural Addresses. 1989. Bartleby Bookstore, 2 Aug. 2007. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. Antecelli, Nathan M. â€Å"Home.† Our Documents -. The Peoples Vote, 17 Mar. 2001. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. â€Å"USA Presidents.† USA-Presidents.Info. Ezoic, 2004. Web. 21 Dec. 2013. Mehltretter, Sandra M. â€Å"John Fitzgerald Kennedy, â€Å"Inaugural Address† (20 January 1961).†John Fitzgerald Kennedy, â€Å"Inaugural Address† (20 January 1961). The Pennsylvania State University, n.d. Web. 21 Dec. 2013.

Company Q and Social Responsibility Essay

Evaluation Company Q’s attitude toward social responsibility reflects a negative reputation on them as a corporation in their current community. The geographical location in a major metropolitan area should sustain the business with a solid consumer base and maintain reliance of current investors. However, they closed two stores in high crime areas for consistently losing profits, waning investor trust and damaging employee faith. The decision to close the stores limits their ability to be socially responsible to its stakeholders and potentially contributes to the areas crime level. Customers requested health-conscience and organic products for years before it was finally stocked in limited amounts. Company Q ignored earlier requests from their customers and created a deficiency in establishing long-term relationships. The company needs to demonstrate a better approach for customer satisfaction by building long-term relationships and reflect a more socially responsible corporation to not only customers but all stakeholders. Donating to the local food bank would also demonstrate a better attitude towards social responsibility, yet Company Q’s management rejects donation requests claiming potential fraud and theft from employees. The company deteriorates employee commitment and trust in the corporation by insinuating that employees might steal if they handle donations. If Company Q maintains the existing attitude toward social responsibility they may find themselves closing every store in the future. Recommendations Action 1 Company Q can upgrade their current attitude toward social responsibility by addressing their ethical culture and ability to be a profitable company. Company Q will need to develop a financial plan, set financial goals, and identify areas of unreliable returns that will capitalize on investor  wealth. If action is taken to address poor financial returns, the company will not have make decisions to close stores because of consistently losing profits. Next Company Q needs to integrate an ethics program throughout the corporation that will lay the necessary ground of promoting an ethical culture. This ethics program should be designed by the company’s management to guide employee conduct, generate better-quality decision making and discourage potential theft from company employees. Management should then launch training courses with quarterly workshops and incentive packages which motivate employees to exercise guidelines. Employee trust is critical and laying an ethical foundation for employees to follow Company Q needs to begin at the upper management level. To be an effective program the company needs to educate upper management so that they initiate the standards and lead by example. Management of Company Q will have a stronger impact if they practice the ethical standards and set the standard to employees. The combination of executing an ethics program and improving the financial condition of Company Q is a major stride in social responsibility. As the company’s ethical culture develops and investor confidence and wealth returns, Company Q‘s overall integrity grows, thereby demonstrating a more socially responsible image. Action 2 Company Q took years to respond to multiple requests by customers for providing health-conscious and organic products. A current trend in society has increased awareness to be more health conscious. Customers are asking for these high margin products because they want them to be available for purchase. Company Q needs to listen to the desires of their customers and supply a broader selection of the higher margin items. By doing so Company Q forms stronger relationships with customers and increases their commitment to make purchases at the store. Customer relationships improve as more sales of the requested products increase and profit margins will begin to rise. Company Q needs to also set up a request station where customers can write down requests of products they would like to see available for purchase. The company can use these requests to poll which products that  the customers would most likely want to purchase. This way Company Q can zero in on satisfying their customers and eliminate products that have the least amount of demand. A second opportunity that presents itself is establishing new supplier relationships within the local community by generating partnerships between Company Q and organic producers. By the company forming new relationships with local producers the local economy is strengthened and new development encouraged in the community. The purchase of organic products from local vendors will also keep transportation expenses down and Company Q can then forward that savings to customers by offering lower prices. Company Q would benefit greatly from this action by offering a broader range of health conscience products and partnering with local suppliers. These relationships will supplement Company Q in changing their approach to being socially responsible. Action 3 A third recommendation is to revisit the decision of donating day-old products to the area’s local food banks. By denying the request all together and opting to toss out the day-old products is damaging to Company Q’s image. The company needs to exhibit accountability to society by supporting their local food bank illustrating community support by offering day-old products to their local food bank. Company Q should then monitor donations with a checks and balances system which would allow management to track the process of donations and reduce concerns of employee theft. The company will reveal positive decision making by donating instead of tossing the day-old products in the trash. The decision to be charitable through regular contributions will demonstrate to employees, investors and other stakeholders that Company Q is changing their attitude toward social responsibility. Conclusion Company Q should implement the above recommendations to become a more socially responsible corporation. Taking action of their profitability, promoting an ethical work place environment, and giving back to the community are the strategic actions necessary to attest Company Q’s changing  attitude towards social responsibility. The company will continue to suffer consequences for failing social responsibility if changes in their approach are not taken.

Graphic Design Advice

Graphic Design Advice Graphic Design Advice

STAR Early Literacy

STAR Early Literacy STAR Early Literacy is an online adaptive assessment program developed by Renaissance Learning for students typically in grades PK-3. The program uses a series of questions to assess a student’s early literacy and early numeracy skills through a simple process. The program is designed to support teachers with individual student data quickly and accurately. It typically takes a student 10-15 minutes to complete an assessment and reports are available immediately upon completion. There are four parts to the assessment. The first part is a short demonstrative tutorial that teaches the student how to use the system. The second part is a short practice component designed to ensure that the students understand how to manipulate the mouse or use the keyboard correctly to answer each question. The third part consists of a short set of practice questions to prepare the student for the actual assessment. The final part is the actual assessment. It consists of twenty-nine early literacy and early numeracy questions. Students have one and a half minutes to answer each question before the program automatically moves them to the next question. Easy to Set up and Use STAR Early Literacy is a Renaissance Learning program. This is important because if you have Accelerated Reader, Accelerated Math, or any of the other STAR assessments, you only have to do the set up one time. Adding students and building classes is quick and easy. You can add a class of about twenty students and have them ready to be assessed in about 15 minutes. Designed Well for Students to Use The interface is straightforward. Each question is read by a narrator. While the narrator is reading the question, the mouse pointer turns into an ear directing the student to listen. After the question is read, a â€Å"ding† tone indicates that the student may then select their response. The student has two choices in the way that they select their response. They can use their mouse and click on the correct choice or they can you the 1, 2, or 3 keys that correlate to the correct answer. Students are locked into their answer if they use their mouse, but they are not locked into their answer if they use the 1, 2, 3 select methods until they hit enter. This can be a problem for younger students that have not been exposed to manipulating a computer mouse or using a keyboard. In the top right-hand corner of the screen, there is a box that the student can click to have the narrator repeat the question at any time. In addition, the question is repeated every fifteen seconds of inactivity until time runs out. Each question is given  on a one and a half minute timer. When a student has fifteen seconds remaining a small clock will begin to flash at the top of the screen letting them know that time is about to expire for that question. A Good Tool for Teachers STAR Early Literacy assesses forty-one skill sets in ten essential literacy and numeracy domains. The ten domains include alphabetic principle, the concept of word, visual discrimination, phonemic awareness, phonics, structural analysis, vocabulary, sentence level comprehension, paragraph level comprehension, and early numeracy. The program also allows teachers to set goals and monitor a student’s progress as they move throughout the year. It allows them to create an individualized instructional path to building on skills they are proficient in and improve upon their individual skills in which they need intervention. Teachers are also able to use STAR Early Literacy throughout the year quickly and accurately to decide whether they need to change their approach with a particular student or continue doing what they are doing. STAR Early Literacy has an extensive assessment bank that allows students to be assessed multiple times without seeing the same question. Reports STAR Early Literacy is designed to provide teachers with useful information that will drive their instructional practices. STAR Early Literacy provides teachers with several useful reports designed to assist in targeting which students need intervention and what areas they need assistance in. Here are six key reports available through STAR Early Literacy and a brief explanation of each: Diagnostic - Student: The student diagnostic report provides the most information about an individual student. It offers information such as the student’s scaled score, literacy classification, sub-domain scores, and individual skill set scores on a scale of 0-100.Diagnostic – Class: The class diagnostic report provides information related to the class as a whole. It shows how the class as a whole performed in each of the forty-one assessed skills. Teachers can use this report to drive whole class instruction to cover concepts in which the majority of the class shows they need intervention.Growth: This report shows the growth of a group of students over a specific period of time. This period of time is customizable from a few weeks to months, to even growth over the course of several years.Instructional Planning - Class: This report provides teachers with a list of recommended skills to drive the whole class or small group instruction. This report also allows you to gro up students into four ability groups and provides suggestions for meeting each group’s specific learning needs. Instructional Planning - Student: This report provides teachers with a list of recommended skills and suggestions to drive individualized instruction.Parent Report: This report provides teachers with an informational report to give to parents. This letter provides details about each student’s progress. It also provides instructional suggestions that parents can do at home with their child to improve their scores. Relevant Terminology Scaled Score (SS): The scaled score is figured based on the difficulty of the questions as well of the number of questions that were correct. STAR Early Literacy uses a scale range of 0-900. This score can be used to compare students to each other, as well as themselves, over time.Early Emergent Reader: Scaled score of 300-487. Student has a beginning understanding that printed text has meaning. They have a rudimentary understanding that reading involves letters, words, and sentences. They also are beginning to identify numbers, letters, shapes, and colors.Late Emergent Reader: Scaled score of 488-674. Student knows most letters and letter sounds. They are expanding their vocabulary, listening skills, and knowledge of print. They are starting to read picture books and familiar words.Transitional Reader: Scaled score of 675-774. Student has mastered alphabet and letter sound skills. Can identify beginning and ending sounds as well vowel sounds. They likely have the ability to blend so unds and read basic words. They can use context clues such as pictures to figure out words. Probable Reader: Scaled score of 775-900. Student is becoming skilled at recognizing words at a faster rate. They also are beginning to understand what they are reading. They blend sounds and word parts to read words and sentences. The Bottom Line STAR Early Literacy is a respectable early literacy and early numeracy assessment program. Its best features are that it is quick and easy to use, and reports can be generated in seconds. A key issue with this program is that for younger students who lack mouse skills or computer skills, the scores may be negatively skewed. However, this is an issue with virtually any computer-based program at this age. Overall, we give this program 4 out of 5 stars because the program provides teachers with a solid tool to identify early literacy and early numeracy skills that require intervention.

Strategic Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Strategic Human Resource Management - Essay Example This may mean that SHRM has the ability to change the way things are done in an organisation, effectively changing an organisation’s culture (Schein, 2004; Robbins, 2003). However, individual HRM strategies in themselves may not be strategic HRM, where SHRM is the â€Å"overall framework which determines the shape and delivery of the individual strategies† (CIPD, 2009). Strategy exists in all organisations as it is concerned with defining the organisation’s behaviour and its existence in a given environment, where the role of SHRM is to explain how the human resources function influences organisational performance (Boxall and Purcell, 2003). Dyer and Holder (1998) give us the main features of SHRM, where SHRM at the organisational level is planned at the top, where decisions are made regarding goals, policies and allocation of resources; the focus of SHRM is then aimed at organisational effectiveness or better performance, where people are viewed as resources that need to be managed towards the achievement of strategic business goals; HR strategies are then seen as frameworks which are broad, integrative, unifying and contingency based, as they incorporate a whole lot of HR goals and activities which are designed to be in strategic fit with the environment (also see Mankin, 2009). This particular study will focus on the role of SHRM in multinational organisations (MNCs), where the HRM function becomes international (IHRM). IHRM is a relatively recent addition to the field of human resources, developed mainly because of the rapid pace at which businesses are getting internationalised as a result of globalisation (Scullion, 2001). Even though IHRM’s operations are based on the same parameters of domestic HRM, it is much more complex as it deals with sensitive cross-cultural issues and calls for proper education of the local behaviour in terms of culture, values, business practices, and employment laws of the host country of a

Emergency nurse practitioner. The impact on the minor injury services Essay

Emergency nurse practitioner. The impact on the minor injury services (hospital setting A&E) - Essay Example ............................................9 Review of Existing Evidence..................................11 Introduction.............................................................11 Objective..................................................................11 Method.....................................................................12 Findings & Analysis..................................................14 Cost Effectiveness.....................................................14 Care Effectiveness.....................................................17 Patient Satisfaction.....................................................19 Waiting Time...............................................................21 Conclusion...................................................................21 Implication to Practice.................................................22 Implication to Research................................................22 References........................................... ..........................24 Literature Review An Emergency Nurse Practitioner (ENP) is an advanced practice role which delivers primary care in the emergency department (Fitzpatrick and Ea, 2011). The emergency nursing practitioner treats common urgent and non-emergency conditions either independently or in collaboration with an attending General Practitioner. Emergency nurse practitioners often have advanced postgraduate qualifications like Masters degrees which give them additional competencies to handle cases according to medical convention and independently. Emergency Nurse Practitioners (ENPs) go through training that enable them to assess patients accurately and treat certain conditions without consultation with a doctor (Evans, 1997). Amongst the areas where they can operate independently are the interpretation of x-rays, remove foreign bodies from the eyes and the prescription of a specified range of drugs (Evans, 1997). Clearly, the ENP plays a crucial role in the emergenc y unit of medical facilities. They make significant contributions by acting as the first line of call in cases which have a relatively low level of risk. The ENP provides significant support to Emergency Doctors and to an appreciable degree, they can act with a level of independence where the need arises. Hence, the ENP is involved in reducing the waiting time in emergency settings. One may therefore seek to ascertain the actual impact of the ENP in cutting down the waiting time in emergency rooms. This research is a substantive project meant to review the existing evidence in the work of an emergency nursing practitioner. This first part of the paper will involve a literature review on the effect of emergency nursing on waiting time. In attaining this end, important concepts and significant activities undertaken along those lines like reducing waiting times to a mere 4-hour period as encouraged by the British government in the year 2000. Methodology This part of the research will i nvolve a literature review of the new research and studies into emergency nursing and waiting time on patients. It will involve the review of evidence and other findings in studies about the quest to reduce waiting times and the relevant variables involved. To this end, 10 different journals which involve empirical studies will be examined in this study. The findings will culminate in conclusions. The articles examined include an array of papers and empirical research. Most of them were written in the UK. However a minority of the articles were published in American

Emile Durkheim's Theories on Education and Morality Essay

Emile Durkheim's Theories on Education and Morality - Essay Example But as America became more populated and as problems became more social, the focus on education had shifted to the human being in relation to society. The people realized that the human being was affected by its environment and the role of education is to transmit present societal traditions and customs to the students by using teachers as social agents. Because of Durkheim's influence, the American society began to value individual freedom and self-determination that depicted the product of Protestant ethic and the impact of psychology on educational theory. The present society now corresponds to Durkheim's theory of education. Focusing on his educational beliefs and view points, this essay aims to acquire the significance of his theoires on the past and present day society. According to Filloux, Durkheim emphasized the general needs of the individual in order to recognize the function of a social phenomenon (304). He asserted that every society has a system of education that is inflicted on individuals and has a concept of a "human ideal"-physically, intellectually and morally. He viewed it as a "methodical socialization" that ensures the "conditions of existence" of every individual in a society. For Durkheim, discipline is a factor of education and a means of averting culpable conduct (43). He viewed morality as a discipline that promotes regularity in people's actions and offers them "determinate goals" that also hinders their horizons (47). There are three elements of morality that determine the form and content of the purposes that educational sociology assigns to education at school: 1) teaching a sense of discipline, 2) group attachment, and 3) autonomy of will (308). In order to be called a moral person, Durkheim stated that the individual has to abide by a norm (23) and "act in terms of the collective interest" (xi). Thus, the function of morality is "to determine conduct, to fix it, and to eliminate the element of individual arbitrariness" (27). In the school institution, moral standards are imposed by the teacher to the pupils though they are given the freedom to learn in their own will. (Filloux 309). For Durkheim, the spirit of independence exists if there is intelligence or understanding and moral orders in certain incidents in life. Durkheim also discussed the school environment in his theory (310). He believed that the school environment promotes the habit of life in a school classroom form. He also stated that in ideal schools, it is not important to produce scientists among his pupils but fully rational beings. (311). Research Discussion Durkheim's structure-function analysis focuses on social facts (Filloux 303). He noted that in order to understand a fact, the causes and purposes must primarily be recognized. His analysis was original for he approached this from two similar viewpoints. One was that the society, made up of its organic components has a systematic entity responding to the societal needs. The other view was that "the social system lends itself to analysis in terms of

Integrating Technology In The Teaching And Learning Process Education Essay

Integrating Technology In The Teaching And Learning Process Education Essay In the 21 century, technology is everywhere. Especially the new generation is growing up with technology and gets familiar with it. Computer technologies have dramatically changed the way people reach information, do research and communicate with people all around the world. Because of this reason, schools and teachers need to be aware of improving their technological tools and skills to be able to catch the students` attentions and interests. Using technology in classrooms also makes the lesson more efficient. The presence of technology in education became a must in order to match with the development of other areas such as engineering, medicine, defense and aerospace, agriculture and science of modern times. The field of education has witnessed a great boom in the late twentieth century, but he tends to take us a broad dimensions at the beginning of this century. The governmental and private educational institutions raced towards this direction to find and provide effective means to help the student to learn easily and provide them with the ability to innovate effectively in the study and in their future work. Before we talk about the importance of technology in education, we have to know what is meant by educational technology in education. Educational technology is defined as a means or an integrated process involving theories of education, ideas, and applications through which you try to enter the means of modern technology to match the learning objectives of developing and facilitating education, and to find viable solutions to the problems and learning difficulties faced by the teacher and student. When the means of technology like computers and internet interact in enriching education then the educational process becomes simple and easy in a way that allow those working in the field of education to overcome the problems facing education easily. We can define the role that technology plays in the field of education as follows: 1 The technology plays the role of the guide , which helps the teacher in guiding the scientific material for students, and replaces the traditional method of education in explaining the lesson and providing information. The technology, by all its means of development, can simply do a major change in the private educational level of the teacher and his ability in introducing the approach to the student in a way that gives the opportunity to greater and easier chance in understanding the lessons. This will reflect the students ability to develop his mental and intellectual learning, and refine his creative talents and capabilities in his school activities. 2 A modern and educational tool like computer could focus the attention of students for using it in the field of education. Taking it as a guide or electronic assistant will guide them, by its various programs and functions, in the field of learning and discovering new talent and the development of mental abilities in various subjects and education. As well as the Internet opens a new door that helps students per semester to participate in educational activities in the field of research and exchange of information through these activities. 3 Technology provides an abundant source of information that both the teacher and student need it. Internet has become a broad sea and has a wealth of information such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, maps and other information sources that are difficult to obtain through traditional research. In the time where it takes the teacher or professor days to search for information in a particular subject, going online and surf the internet will not take more than hours (or preferably minutes) to get that information easily without any stress. 4 Technology, as a source of communication, has opened wide branches where the teacher and student stay in a continuous contact by interacting over the internet. While the teacher is sitting in front of his computer, the student can communicate with his/her mentor at home via the Internet , in this case they have found a new way to communicate, and open the door to communicate and discuss matters related to the student in his study. Students can also communicate between each other regarding their homework or their research process. Also the internet became a communication tool between the teacher and the school via emails. Modern schools interact with their teachers via emails not by paper reports. Due to the prior knowledge that I have mentioned , I decided to focus , during my observations, on integration technology in the teaching process. Does the teacher integrate the technology in his/her instructional time ? 2. Literature of review: Technology of education plays a major role in the educational process and this importance is reflected in raising the level of education and learning and the development of thinking, by: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Raising the learners attention: It is working to raise the learner to watch a film or television program or transparent segments on a particular topic. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Increase the experience of the learner: the learning techniques provide new subjects in which the classroom teacher can not provide it, thereby expanding the expertise areas of the learner. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work on building and configuring the true trends and concepts of the learner by providing a lot of skills and ideas. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Make the learning experience more effective and more lasting impact and less likely to forget. These techniques work on the installation of information for the learners, especially when they see things, where it is difficult to forget because of viewing the content of the picture presented. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Working on the diversification of teaching methods: it can be a diversity in the methods used in education via variety of learning techniques, as they can provide a variety of topics in various ways that differ from those techniques used in the traditional education methods, through the transparent slides or television or cinema or the computer or other diverse educational devices. Mabel CPO Okojie, Anthony A. Olinzock, and Tinukwa C. Okojie.Boulder ( 2011. P. 66 ) indicate that Technology used for teaching and learning should be considered an integral part of instruction and not as an object exclusive to itself. Viewing technology integration from a wide perspective will provide teachers with the necessary foundation to implement technology into the classroom more successfully. The role of technology in teaching English : Lang (2005 ) declares that there are many advantages to the integration of technology in the classroom for students, particularly English as a foreign language. To be able to improve their language skills, such as writing and reading and listening to speak and learn the English language and the use of computers and software to make sure of its work and correct itself, and improve their language skills, and the use of Internet and e-mail to search for information, and to accede to the threats, and the dissemination of their work, and reading texts technology, and communicating between each other even. The reasons that yields for learning languages by the help of the computer: 1 Development of experiential learning in the field of the educational process. 2 Increase the motivation of the students for education. 3 To improving the academic achievement of students. 4 To increase the interaction between the student and the computer. 5 Individual learning through self-learning and make the student self-reliant in learning. 6 To organize the systematic creative thinking of the learner. 7 To save time and reduce the effort on the teacher and the learner. 8 Multiple sources of knowledge for the variety of programs that can be provided by the device to one student or several students to education by conclusion. Advantages of Computer Assisted Language Learning CALL: 1 Motivation: Use technology outside or inside the classrooms usually raise the students interest, where the student interacts with scientific material whether with the help of a mentor or from others, and also the student can deal with parts of the scientific material and the immediate transition from partial to another through multimedia (such as images and video . .) 2 Adapting learning to the student: Computer has an important role in the process of new learning and teaching, and without the use of computers in the educational process it is difficult for the students to achieve academic progress. Adaptation of the student with computers and software means the speed of learning and also the student will be able to choose what to learn, which makes the student more efficient. Students tend to learn in the form of stories and educational games or solve puzzles and this could be through the computer, more than the traditional direct teaching. 3 Individuality: These programs and educational tools correspond with the needs of each learner, and meet the desires and also in line with the scientific level, which allows the student to quickly learn and rely on himself to learn any educational material. 4 Cosmic: It can be accessed anywhere, at any time through these tools without barriers through multimedia, that can be used to introduce the educational material. The role of technology in teaching mathematics : Due to the enormous technical progress that we are witnessing in our time, calculators exist and become accessible to everyone, and moving away from using it in the school curriculum would negatively impact on the attitudes of students towards the study of mathematics, and thus generate a trend towards the introduction of a calculator in the mathematics curriculum, although there was disagreement about the inclusion in the curricula of primary school. The project of the British Schools Council showed that the use of a calculator is effective in the teaching of mathematics in high school, it helps students with less abilities to deal with more mathematical applications instead of spending time in the calculations of the mechanism. And also the results of many studies showed the feasibility of introducing calculators in the mathematics curriculum in high school , for example: 1. Using a calculator helps to change the method of teaching some topics where it is possible to deal with numerical data and perform operations easily while saving time and effort. 2. Using a calculator provides greater opportunities to study the attitudes and realistic dealing with numerical sequences, geometric, and exponential functions, infinite sequences. 3. Using a calculator to give rounding to irrational real numbers. 4. Using a calculator to find rounding for the root of the real roots of an equation of the third degree. We should not stop on the use of calculators only, but it should be extended to include the computer, which can serve largely the process of teaching and learning of mathematics. The computer is the most technical challenge to educators because of its impact on mathematics, and methods of teaching. Many different programs appeared that resulted in a wide range of mathematical functions in addition to the increasing of opportunities for teaching and learning of mathematics through the use of computers as an educational tool. The International Committee for the teaching of mathematics felt sorry about the doubt that still hovers on the introduction of computers to the school curriculum in the nineties, and there were many trends that support the introduction of the PC to the high school approach, whether through the study of computers and training to use it, or through the use of pre designed software or software prepared by the learners themselves. The computer is usually introduced to the curriculum under two distinct segments: 1. Studying the computer and training how to use it. 2. the use of programs to study the mathematical relationships and solving problems. The second goal diverted into two directions: 1. The learners should write their own programs. 2. Learners should use ready programs. Examples of projects that relied on the learners do their own programs (SMP) in the United Kingdom, and (CAMP) and (SOLO) in the United States of America The computer gains an educational feature it became the key that can be used as an educational tool, it can be used as : 1. Electronic board used by the teacher. 2. A mentor that facilitates the learning process of the learner. 3. A means to evaluate the performance of the learner. 4. Individual education where the programs include exercises, training, and self-evaluation. 5. A tool to perform calculations and the representation of functions, operations, 6. A tool to encourage experimentation and research, which are the components in the process of learning and teaching mathematics. It should be noted that the emergence of computer science has increased the importance of teaching mathematics-related to sequences such as counting, matrices and probability, statistics, and requests the introduction of a unit or units for a small computer programming. The major problem that students are facing in math is dealing with real world problems. Rodney X. Sturdivant, Penelope Dunham, and Richard Jardine ( 2009, p.171 ) declare that Teaching problem solving to students in a twenty-first century mathematics program simply should use available technology. Advances in recent years have led to exciting opportunities that allow students in the average mathematics class to work on problems that are much richer and more real than ever before. With these advances comes a need to develop and implement faculty development programs for technology-based instruction in mathematics departments. Integrating a technology-supported focus on problem solving into a mathematics program is, however, an evolutionary process, not a revolutionary one. The implementation involves gradual changes over time in curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment. Similarly, faculty development to support such a technology-based curriculum is best done incrementally. Used properly, technology enhances instruction and makes the class- room more exciting than ever. 3. Methodology : I used classroom observation in analyzing integrating technology during instructional time. I decided to observe an English class and a math class, twice each, for ninths graders at a high school under the name of applied technology. According to my schedule and the other teachers schedule we arranged for four observations. The first two was on Sunday during the 7th and 8th period and it was a math class, while the third and the fourth observations were on Sunday the 7th period and Monday the 2nd period respectively and it was an English class. 4. Analysis: Before start answering this question, I would like to explain some other circumstances that were going on during these periods. I used a form that divided the lesson into 3 parts : beginning Body of the lesson. Closure. These criteria of each part are illustrated in this form: The criteria that I mentioned above helps to have a good educational atmosphere during the class and to implement any strategy or method that should be used during the instructional time. In the English class the 2 periods were about reading and writing . The teacher was using a program called Edmodo for doing activities and involve the students more in the class. She uses the projector and the internet to show the students some videos related to their topic. During the writing period the teacher divided the students into groups , and each group was asked to write an essay by typing it on the laptop and send it to the other groups in order to read them and send their feedback to each other. Edmodo is an online-based interactive tool that is designed for educational purposes. It has both Learning Management System (LMS) features as well as Social Media (SM) and Twitter features/interface. The sheer fact that it looks like FaceBook (FB) makes it easier for students to learn how to use it due to their familiarity with FB. Online discussions:  the teacher post a message that opens the door to an online threaded discussion. The teacher set the minimum word limit for a response. This allows students who are not of high level to take their time before posting their responses as they tend to read the ones posted by their peers first, which is acceptable in an ESL class environment, as long as they dont plagiarize. Sharing Platform: for example, students share two links to online articles on local news. Students are asked to paraphrase the headline and write a preview of 50 words on the article to motivate their peers to read it. Within the same context, students are encouraged to share reviews of books, websites, musical albums, TV shows and even movies. Voting Pallet/ Poll:   The voting function in Edmodo allows the teacher to check Students comprehension at the end of a lesson. When students receive a question as a Poll, they dont get to see what others have chosen until they post their response, which makes this function a true simultaneous reflection of students understanding. Another use for this function is to check Students background on a topic before class, which helps the teacher in planning. Finally, its an easy and immediate way to receive Students feedback. Sharing files: teacher and students can share almost any file types. This facilitates the exchange of files in the class as Students can download the files before coming to class or preview them within the platform. In addition, the students can publish their weekly audio journals on Edmodo. MP3 files can be played automatically without having to download, which allows for immediate interaction with audio material published on the group wall. Embedding: Edmodo allows the teacher to embed any presentation, video or multimedia that comes with an embedding code, which has reduced the need to visit other platforms. The teacher embed flashcards from www.quizlet.com, video tutorials from www.screencast.com as well as Google presentations to share material with the students. During the math class the teacher was explaining how to solve absolute value equations. He was not using the traditional way, like solving on the board. He was using the smart board and the projector, while the students were using their laptops. He designed a software to solve such equations by using animations , different colors and different shapes so the students can understand and be familiar with the subject in an easier way. This program was sent to the students via email that was created by the school. This is a nice interactive way between the teacher and the students so they can communicate between each other not necessary during the school but at anytime outside the school. The teacher also used the math blog that was designed by the school to upload materials related to the subject. The student in this case can go to this blog at anytime to check and download this material that helps to understand the material. Also the teacher was using the smart and wireless pad. This pad was used by the teacher during passing between the students so he can access the board by writing on the board while explaining or moving from slide to another without the need of going back to the board and computer. This tool helps to be closer to the students specially the weak ones and this makes the interaction between the teacher and the student more effective. 5. Conclusion: Due to the rapid development of information technology and technology of education, it was not feasible to keep the teacher away from the technical scene, which has become an irreversible reality, so be the only option is to move to the era of technology itself, so that it can meet the challenges posed by the intelligence of the student, and his knowledge in every new in the world of technology, and his use of modern complicated means of communication. The supporters of technology in education are keen to emphasize that the use of modern technology does not eliminate the role of the teacher, but on the contrary, will continue his role forever, but it will become more difficult because the teacher is the essence of the educational process, and should be up to date for every new, and flexible to be creative and innovate, and can manage the work ably. So the career of teaching became a combination of the tasks of the leader, and critic and the router in order to be able to face the age requirements and its challenges and what is called globalization with its cultural, social and economic challenges. The success of the teacher is related to the best use of technology by transforming the classroom from place where the information is transmitted in one direction, from teacher to student, to a learning environment characterized by dynamic, and student-centered, where students can interact between each others as groups and with another classes from around the world via internet, and follow the teaching skills that take into account the needs and expectations of diverse and disparate recipients, and to develop a practical understanding of technology education with the continuous focus on the educational role of his personal.

President Woodrow Wilson :: essays research papers

Woodrow Wilson The name of the person I read about is Woodrow Wilson,but when he was young people called him Tommy.When Tommy was only a year old his father [Dr.Wilson]moved his family and him from Virginia to Augusta,Georgia.He moved in 1857.Tommy's father became pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Augusta,Georgia. Woodrow came from a strict,caring household.Dr.Wilson liked to take Woodrow places like cotton mills,iron and steel foundries,and other local industries.He did that to teach Woodrow the manufacturing processes.Dr.Wilson also taught Woodrow respect for other people.His mother[Jessie Wilson] was shy and reserved,but looked and acted like Woodrow. Woodrow's life was different from mine by the way he went to school.His father taught him till he was nine,and then he went to school. Woodrow spent some of his spare time with his gang, called the Lightfoot Club.Also when Woodrow was fourteen,his education was continued at a private school with fifty boys enrolled that cost seven dollars an hour. One of the parts of the book that I liked was when Woodrow Wilson won the Presidency.One of the things that helped him win was when he made two alliances.One alliance was made with Colonel Edward M. House.The other was made with William McCombs. Both of these alliances profound effect on his future. A sad incident that happened in this story was when Woodrow suffered his paralytic stroke.Rumors spread that Woodrow was incapable of handling even the smallest duties.Wilson kept succeeding though. There was still many people that believed in him. If I could choose one thing that Wilson did that I could do it would be a lawyer.First of all most lawyers make a good living.Another thing is that people depend on you.Finally it would be challenging for me. The main thing that Wilson is remembered for is being President.He really put a lot of effort into being President.He worked hard,he acted in control,and he acted mature about the situations he was in.The main thing is that he

Brent Staples’ Black Men and Public Spaces

Antoinette Johnson English 100 Prof. Horna October 3, 2012 In the essay â€Å"The second shift†, by Arlie Hochschild, he explains how the wives of two-job families with small children typically work an extra 24-hour day in a year, between the pages 145(bottom) and 148(top). I agree with Hochschild’s determination because once women come home from first shift, they go straight into second shift. Whereas men come home from first shift, and get to pick and choose when to work second shift.Most men wonder why the level of affection is lacking in the home. I believe that the man in two-job families with small children are optimistic about the things that should be done around the house. I believe that they feel because they’re the â€Å"dominant† figure, that the women are supposed to do the majority of the work around the house. Then the men/husbands start to feel a type of way because the women become resentful,.I don’t blame the men for their actions, I blame the fathers and their father’s father for not showing them the correct way to uphold their households. In my eyes women has always been the life support or backbone of any family. So really the women are the â€Å"dominant† figure. It takes a strong individual to work an eight-hour shift, then come home to cook and clean for another eight-hours. To also cater to the children and husbands with all their needs. Women should demand more help from their husbands during the second shift.That extra 24 hours should be split between the two of them. If women stood up for themselves more often, men would start to appreciate them more while still in the relationship instead of when their relationship is over. In conclusion, as time goes on, the younger generations will get it together, I believe. Husbands and wives need to come together and make arrangements to better uphold the home. A more understanding husband plus a more no holds bar wife equals a better home.

Bullying: The Worst Social Problem in the U.S.

A social problem is when the public or some segment of the public perceives a condition or a bad situation as a problem to the whole society. I think that one of the worst social problems in the United States of America is bullying. Bullying can affect everyone that is involved including the person being bullied, the bully, and the bystander. It can only have a negative effect on people's lives, and usually bullying comes from an outside source which is making the bully act in such a disgusting manner.In America's youth, bullying has progressively become a bigger problem over the past years. There are many different types of bullying that can be done like physical bullying, mental bullying, or something lie cyber bullying. Kids who are bullied usually end up with negative problems down the road in their lives. Kids who are bullied are very likely to experience things like depression or anxiety, feeling sad and lonesome in the world, negatively changed sleeping and eating habits, and just lack of generally caring about anything.Being bullied instantly results in the student being picked on dropping their grades in their classes. This would happen because the kid will start to skip school or class just so that they could avoid any chance of seeing that bully, so they will not be abused for another time. Many of the kids being bullied could resort to something like violence and that is never the answer. An example is, most of every school shooting in history was motivated by one person picking on the person doing the terrible act off school shooting.If a kid bullies in the young art of their life, the aggression will most likely carry on into the latter stages of their life as well. Kids who bully a lot in school are more likely to abuse alcohol or other drugs when they get older and more mature. They also tend to get in to doing bad things like get into fights, vandalize property, and even drop out of school completely. When bullies get older as adults, they gene rally tend to be the ones that are getting pulled over by the policemen and getting tickets and citations, and many of them also turn out to commit stupid crimes and get locked away for them.Because bullies are always filled with rage for their entire lives, they sometimes take their rage out on their significant other and perform an act of domestic violence on them. Domestic violence is a major problem in our country. Kids who witness bullying and then do nothing about it can also be greatly traumatized by what they have seen with their eyes. It messes with them to the point where they have to rely on something like cigarettes or drugs and alcohol to keep the calm and not worried about it.They usually have problems with anxiety and sometimes oppression later on in their life because of the events they watched and did nothing about. Bystanders will also drop out of school or start to skip class because watching another person get treated so poorly by another person has become too mu ch of a burden for them to bear. When people are bullied their suicide risk automatically goes up. Being bullied makes a person feel normalized and separated from society completely. I believe that every person needs a support group because without one, it is hard to retain a positive outlook on life.This can lead to loneliness, and a person will start to contemplate if their life is really worth living. If somebody is not of the norm then they will usually be made fun of or bullied because of their difference. That will also contribute to feeling alone, and being alone makes a person think about everything very thoroughly, then they come to the conclusion in their head that they are not good enough for this world. Physical bullying is a terrible form of bullying. It involves a person hitting another person, hurting another person, or destroying or stealing someone's possessions.In physical bullying, the same victim is targeted many different times, the bully IS attempting to hurt, embarrass, or intimidate another person, and the bully usually picks a target that is smaller than him so that he has a definite chance of winning. Accessibility is when a child or teenager is harassed, humiliated, embarrassed, threatened or tormented using digital technology. It can happen on the internet and also over the phone through text messages or phone calls. When a person gets bullied over the internet or through text it is different from getting physically bullied.The accessibility messes with their mind and they are often damaged psychologically from it. Cyber bullying can lead to terrible things like self-harm, severe depression, and even suicide. Bullying is a major problem in the United States of America's schools. It needs to be stopped because everyone involved is seriously hindered by the psychological effects of bullying, and then it is hard for them to grow and mature as normal human beings. Children react easily to physical and mental harassment and their need to be harsher consequences for people that get caught bullying.